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- Description:
- We apply Bayesian inference to instrument calibration and experimental-data uncertainty analysis for the specific application of measuring radiative intensity with a narrow-angle radiometer. We develop a physics-based instrument model that describes temporally varying radiative intensity, the indirectly measured quantity of interest, as a function of scenario and model parameters. We identify a set of five uncertain parameters, find their probability distributions (the posterior or inverse problem) given the calibration data by applying Bayes’ Theorem, and employ a local linearization to marginalize the nuisance parameters resulting from errors-in-variables. We then apply the instrument model to a new scenario that is the intended use of the instrument, a 1.5 MW coal-fired furnace. Unlike standard error propagation, this Bayesian method infers values for the five uncertain parameters by sampling from the posterior distribution and then computing the intensity with quantifiable uncertainty at the point of a new, in-situ furnace measurement (the posterior predictive or forward problem). Given the instrument-model context of this analysis, the propagated uncertainty provides a significant proportion of the measurement error for each in-situ furnace measurement. With this approach, we produce uncertainties at each temporal measurement of the radiative intensity in the furnace, successfully identifying temporal variations that were otherwise indistinguishable from measurement uncertainty.
- Subject:
- Validation and Simulation
- Creator:
- Scheib, Kaitlyn, Spinti, Jennifer P., Smith, Sean T., Harding, N. Stanley, Smith, Philip J., and Draper, Teri S.
- Owner:
- Philip Smith
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 12/01/2020
- Date Modified:
- 01/28/2022
- Date Created:
- November 2020
- Resource Type:
- Software or Program Code
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D6AFQ84VP
-
- Description:
- Objective: In 2018, the Network of the National Libraries of Medicine (NNLM) launched a national sponsorship program to support U.S. public library staff in completing the Medical Library Association’s (MLA) Consumer Health Information Specialization (CHIS). The primary objective of this research project was to determine if completion of the sponsored specialization was successful in improving public library staff ability to provide consumer health information and whether it resulted in new services, programming, or outreach activities at public libraries. Secondary objectives of this research were to determine motivation for and benefits of the specialization and to determine the impact on sponsorship on obtaining and continuing the specialization. Methods: To evaluate the sponsorship program, we developed and administered a 16-question online survey via REDCap in August 2019 to 224 public library staff that were sponsored during the first year of the program. We measured confidence and competence in providing consumer health information using questions aligned with the eight Core Competencies for Providing Consumer Health Information Services [1]. Additionally, the survey included questions about new consumer health information activities at public libraries, public library staff motivation to obtain the specialization, and whether it led to immediate career gains. To determine the overall value of the NNLM sponsorship, we measured whether funding made it more likely for participants to complete or continue the specialization. Results: Overall, 136 participants (61%) responded to the survey. Our findings indicated that the program was a success: over 80% of participants reported an increase in core consumer health competencies, with a statistically significant improvement in mean competency scores after completing the specialization. Ninety percent of participants have continued their engagement with NNLM, and over half offered new health information programs and services at their public library. All respondents indicated that completing the specialization met their expectations, but few reported immediate career gains. While over half of participants planned to renew the specialization or obtain the more advanced, Level II specialization, 72% indicated they would not continue without the NNLM sponsorship. Conclusion: Findings indicate that NNLM sponsorship of the CHIS specialization was successful in increasing the ability of public library staff to provide health information to their community. and This dataset represents the de-identified raw results of a 16-question, online survey (via REDCap) collected in August 2019 to 224 public library staff who were sponsored for a Consumer Health Information Specialization (CHIS). The purpose of the study was to determine whether the sponsorship program had an impact on public library staff to provide consumer health information.
- Subject:
- Interprofessional Relations, Information Services, Professional Competence, Librarians / education, Libraries, Libraries, Medical , Consumer Health Information, and Humans
- Creator:
- Lake, Erica, Wolfe, Susan M, Knapp, Molly , Spatz, Michele, and Kiscaden, Elizabeth
- Owner:
- Molly Knapp
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- United States, , United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 11/12/2020
- Date Modified:
- 02/05/2021
- Date Created:
- August 2019
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D1DAY2QQQ
-
- Description:
- This study investigates impacts of altering subgrid-scale mixing in “convection-permitting” km-scale horizontal grid spacing (∆h) simulations by applying either constant or stochastic multiplicative factors to the horizontal mixing coefficients within the Weather Research and Forecasting model. In quasi-idealized 1-km ∆h simulations of two observationally based squall line cases, constant enhanced mixing produces larger updraft cores that are more dilute at upper levels, weakens the cold pool, rear inflow jet, and front-to-rear flow of the squall line, and degrades the model’s effective resolution. Reducing mixing by a constant multiplicative factor has the opposite effect on all metrics. Completely turning off parameterized horizontal mixing produces bulk updraft statistics and squall line mesoscale structure closest to a LES “benchmark” among all 1-km simulations, although the updraft cores are too undilute. The stochastic mixing scheme, which applies a multiplicative factor to the mixing coefficients that varies stochastically in time and space, is employed at 0.5-, 1-, and 2-km ∆h. It generally reduces mid-level vertical velocities and enhances upper-level vertical velocities compared to simulations using the standard mixing scheme, with more substantial impacts at 1-km and 2-km ∆h compared to 0.5-km. The stochastic scheme also increases updraft dilution to better agree with the LES for one case, but has less impact on the other case. Stochastic mixing acts to weaken the cold pool but without a significant impact on squall line propagation. It also does not affect the model’s overall effective resolution unlike applying constant multiplicative factors to the mixing coefficients.
- Subject:
- Atmospheric Sciences
- Creator:
- Stanford, McKenna, Morrison, Hugh, and Varble, Adam
- Owner:
- MCKENNA STANFORD
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 08/17/2020
- Date Modified:
- 10/27/2020
- Date Created:
- 20190301 - 20200430
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50DJNGQ6V67
-
- Description:
- Ground-based measurements of frozen precipitation are heavily influenced by interactions of surface winds with gauge-shield geometry. The Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera (MASC), which photographs hydrometeors in free-fall from three different angles while simultaneously measuring their fall speed, has been used in the field at multiple mid-latitude and polar locations both with and without wind shielding. Here we present an analysis of Arctic field observations — with and without a Belfort double Alter shield — and compare the results to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the airflow and corresponding particle trajectories around the unshielded MASC. MASC-measured fall speeds compare well with Ka-band Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Zenith Radar (KAZR) mean Doppler velocities only when winds are light (< 5 m/s) and the MASC is shielded. MASC-measured fall speeds that do not match KAZR measured velocities tend to fall below a threshold value that increases approximately linearly with wind speed but is generally < 0.5 m/s. For those events with wind speeds < 1.5 m/s, hydrometeors fall with an orientation angle mode of 12 degrees from the horizontal plane, and large, low-density aggregates are as much as five times more likely to be observed. Simulations in the absence of a wind shield show a separation of flow at the upstream side of the instrument, with an upward velocity component just above the aperture, which decreases the mean particle fall speed by 55% (74%) for a wind speed of 5 m/s (10 m/s). We conclude that accurate MASC observations of the microphysical, orientation, and fall speed characteristics of snow particles require shielding by a double wind fence and restriction of analysis to events where winds are light (< 5 m/s). Hydrometeors do not generally fall in still air, so adjustments to these properties' distributions within natural turbulence remain to be determined.
- Subject:
- Meteorology and Atmospheric Science
- Creator:
- Talaei, Ahmad, Hang, Chaoxun, Fitch, Kyle E., and Garrett, Timothy J.
- Owner:
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/20/2020
- Date Modified:
- 12/14/2020
- Date Created:
- 20120521 to 20200719
- Resource Type:
- Software or Program Code
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50DQTX9K7QY
-
- Description:
- We consider a scenario where the small satellites of Pluto and Charon grew within a disk of debris from an impact between Charon and a trans-Neptunian Object (TNO). After Charon’s orbital motion boosts the debris into a disk-like structure, rapid orbital damping of meter-size or smaller objects is essential to prevent the subsequent re-accretion or dynamical ejection by the binary. From analytical estimates and simulations of disk evolution, we estimate an impactor radius of 30–100 km; smaller (larger) radii apply to an oblique (direct) impact. Although collisions between large TNOs and Charon are unlikely today, they were relatively common within the first 0.1–1 Gyr of the solar system. Compared to models where the small satellites agglomerate in the debris left over by the giant impact that produced the Pluto-Charon binary planet, satellite formation from a later impact on Charon avoids the destabilizing resonances that sweep past the satellites during the early orbital expansion of the binary.
- Subject:
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Creator:
- Kenyon, Scott and Bromley, Ben
- Owner:
- BENJAMIN BROMLEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/07/2020
- Date Modified:
- 07/10/2020
- Date Created:
- 201911 - 202004
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D4AKFQZFC
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- Description:
- Thin boundary layer Arctic mixed-phase clouds are generally thought to precipitate pristine and aggregate ice crystals. Here we present automated surface photographic measurements showing that only 35\% of precipitation particles exhibit negligible riming and that graupel particles $\geq1\,\rm{mm}$ in diameter commonly fall from clouds with liquid water paths less than $50\,\rm{g\,m^{-2}}$. A simple analytical formulation predicts that significant riming enhancement can occur in updrafts with speeds typical of Arctic clouds, and observations show that such conditions are favored by weak temperature inversions and strong radiative cooling at cloud top. However, numerical simulations suggest that a mean updraft speed of $0.75\,\rm{m\,s^{-1}}$ would need to be sustained for over one hour. Graupel can efficiently remove moisture and aerosols from the boundary layer. The causes and impacts of Arctic riming enhancement remain to be determined.
- Subject:
- Atmospheric sciences, Computational research, and Arctic research
- Creator:
- Garrett, Timothy J. and Fitch, Kyle E.
- Contributor:
- Shkurko, Konstantin , Talaei, Ahmad, Gaustad, Krista, and Maahn, Maximilian
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Oliktok Point, Alaska, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 06/04/2020
- Date Modified:
- 07/21/2020
- Date Created:
- Code creation dates from 20161208 to 20180609 and Processed between 20170627 and 20190320
- Resource Type:
- Software or Program Code and Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/s50dva5jk2pd
-
- Description:
- The Andes Cordillera, which runs the length of South America and rises up to 5,000 m MSL within 200 km of the Pacific coast, dramatically influences the distribution of winter precipitation and snowpack over Chile and Argentina. The study of orographic precipitation processes, particularly along the western slopes of the Andes, is important to improve forecasts of severe flooding and snowpack in a region that depends on snowmelt for water resources. While orographic effects have been investigated on synoptic scales in the Andes, the lack of operational radar coverage and high-elevation, long-term precipitation records have, before the present study, precluded an in-depth investigation into the mesoscale and microphysical processes that affect the distribution of precipitation in the region. This dataset was collected during the Chilean Orographic and Mesoscale Precipitation Study (ChOMPS), which, from May-October 2016, investigated the evolution of precipitation amounts, dropsize distribution, and the vertical profile of radar echoes along an east-west transect that stretched from the Pacific coast to the windward slope of the Andes. The transect, at ~36°S, was made up of a coastal site upstream of the coastal mountain range (Concepción), a central valley site (Chillán), and a mountain site (Las Trancas). Instrumentation along the transect included three vertically pointing Micro-Rain-Radars, two Parsivel Disdrometers, and several meteorological stations. The dataset documents the evolution of Doppler velocity and reflectivity profiles with inland extent during early, middle, and late storm sectors. Additionally, the transect provides a season-long record of the inland evolution of melting layer height as well as the prevalence and structure of shallow non-brightband rain and the characteristics of its inland penetration to the central valley. This dataset, the first of its kind in the Chilean Andes, provides unique insight into mesoscale and orographic precipitation processes that also have applicability to the west coast of the United States and other mountainous regions.
- Subject:
- Meteorology
- Creator:
- Campbell, Leah S., Minder, Justin, and Garreaud, Rene
- Contributor:
- Steenburgh, Jim, Rojas, Yazmina, Viscarra, Also, Montecinos, Aldo, Veloso, Daniel Sebastian, and Salazar, Diego Rivera
- Owner:
- Leahs Campbell
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Chile, , Chile
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 05/16/2020
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- May 15 2016 - October 7 2016
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/doi:10.7278/S50DJXEW0JH3
-
- Description:
- The dynamic properties of freestanding rock landforms are a function of fundamental material and mechanical parameters, facilitating non-invasive vibration-based structural assessment. Characterization of resonant frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios, however, can be challenging at culturally-sensitive geologic features, such as rock arches, where physical access is limited. Using sparse ambient vibration measurements, we describe three resonant modes between 1 and 40 Hz for 17 natural arches in Utah spanning a range of lengths from 3 – 88 m. Modal polarization data are evaluated to combine field observations with 3-D numerical models. We find outcrop-scale elastic moduli vary from 0.8 to 8.0 GPa, correlated with diagenetic processes, and identify low damping at all sites. Dense-array cross-correlation results from an additional arch validate predictions of simple bending modes and fixed boundary conditions. Our results establish use of sparse ambient resonance measurements for structural assessment and monitoring of arches and similar freestanding geologic features.
- Subject:
- geological engineering
- Creator:
- Finnegan, Riley, Moore, Jeffrey R, and Geimer, Paul R
- Owner:
- Paul Geimer
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Utah, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 01/13/2020
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- 2015-2019
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
-
- Description:
- Light-scattering spectroscopy (LSS) is an established optical approach for nondestructive characterization of biological tissues. Here, we investigated the capabilities of LSS and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to quantitatively characterize the composition and arrangement of cardiac tissues. We assembled tissue constructs from 200 μm thick sections of fixed myocardium and aortic wall. Thickness of the tissue constructs was similar to the thickness of atrial free wall. In the assembled constructs, the aortic sections represented fibrotic tissue and the depth, volume fraction, and arrangement of these fibrotic insets were varied. We gathered spectra with wavelengths from 500-1100 nm from the constructs at multiple locations relative to a light source. We used single and combinations of two spectra for training of CNNs. With independently measured spectra, we assessed the accuracy of the trained CNNs for classification of tissue constructs from single spectra and combined spectra. In general, classification accuracy with single spectra was smaller than with combined spectra. Combined spectra including spectra from fibers distal from the illumination fiber typically yielded a higher accuracy than proximal single collection fibers. Maximal classification accuracy of depth detection, volume fraction and permutated arrangements was (mean±stddev) 88.97±2.49%, 76.33±1.51% and 84.25±1.88%, respectively. Our studies demonstrate the reliability of quantitative characterization of tissue composition and arrangements using a combination of LSS and CNNs. Potential clinical applications of the developed approach include intraoperative quantification and mapping of atrial fibrosis as well as assessment of ablation lesions.
- Subject:
- cardiology
- Creator:
- Hitchcock, Robert W., Sachse, Frank B., Cottle, Brian K., Kelson, Bailey E.B., and Knighton, Nathan J.
- Owner:
- Frank Sachse
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 01/09/2020
- Date Modified:
- 01/22/2022
- Date Created:
- 20190101 to 20190208 and 20200721 to 20200807
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-3Q4J-SC4Y
-
- Description:
- Subglacial water pressures influence groundwater conditions in proximal alpine valley rock slopes, varying with glacier advance and retreat in parallel with changing ice thickness. Fluctuating groundwater pressures in turn increase or reduce effective joint normal stresses, affecting the yield strength of discontinuities. Here we extend simplified assumptions of glacial debuttressing to investigate how glacier loading cycles together with changing groundwater pressures generate rock slope damage and prepare future slope instabilities. Using hydromechanical coupled numerical models closely based on the Aletsch Glacier valley in Switzerland, we simulate Late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier loading cycles including long-term and annual groundwater fluctuations. Measurements of transient subglacial water pressures from ice boreholes in the Aletsch Glacier ablation area, as well as continuous monitoring of bedrock deformation from permanent GNSS stations helps verify our model assumptions. While purely mechanical glacier loading cycles create only limited rock slope damage in our models, introducing a fluctuating groundwater table generates substantial new fracturing. Superposed annual groundwater cycles increase predicted damage. The cumulative effects are capable of destabilizing the eastern valley flank of our model in toppling-mode failure, similar to field observations of active landslide geometry and kinematics. We find that hydromechanical fatigue is most effective acting in combination with long-term loading and unloading of the slope during glacial cycles. Our results demonstrate that hydromechanical stresses associated with glacial cycles are capable of generating substantial rock slope damage and represent a key preparatory factor for paraglacial slope instabilities.
- Subject:
- Geology
- Creator:
- Moore, Jeffrey, Loew, Simon, Limpach, Philippe, Gischig, Valentin, Grämiger, Lorenz, and Funk, Martin
- Owner:
- Jeff Moore
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Aletsch Glacier, Valais, Switzerland
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 01/03/2020
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- Borehole P1 20130712 09:28:09 to 20140808 09:11:14 and Borehole P2 20130716 05:00:03 to 20140808 22:10:44
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-A50H-3TE4
-
- Description:
- Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of utilising larger lens cubes on phacoemulsification efficiency and chatter using 3 tips of different sizes and 2 ultrasound (US) approaches. Methods: This was an in vitro laboratory study conducted at the John A. Moran Eye Center Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. Porcine lens nuclei were formalin-soaked for 2 hours, then divided into either 2.0 mm or 3.0 mm cubes. 30 degree bent 19 G, 20 G, and 21 G tips were used with a continuous torsional US system; and straight 19 G, 20 G, and 21 G tips were used with a micropulse longitudinal US system. Efficiency and chatter were determined. Results: Mean phacoemulsification removal time was higher with the 3.0 mm lens cube for all US variations and tip sizes. There were statistically significant differences between the 19 G and 21 G tips with micropulse longitudinal US using the 2.0 mm lens cube and the 3.0 mm lens cube, as well as with continuous transversal US using the 2.0 mm lens cube and the 3.0 mm lens cube. There was no significant difference between 19 G and 20 G tips with either lens cube size in either US approach. However, using both US approaches, trends were identical for both lens cube sizes in which the 19 G tips performed better than the 20 G and 21 G tips. Conclusion: Regardless of lens size, the 19 G needle was the most efficient, with the fewest outliers and smallest standard deviations.
- Subject:
- ophthalmology
- Creator:
- Barlow, William R., Bernhisel, Ashlie A., Zaugg, Brian, Olson, Randall J., Ramshekar, Aniket, Heczko, Joshua B., and Pettey, Jeff H.
- Depositor:
- Susan Schulman
- Owner:
- Jeff Pettey
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 11/26/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- 20180201 - 20180204
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/doi:10.7278/S50D-ZTWP-VF00
-
- Description:
- Localization of the components of the cardiac conduction system (CCS) is essential for many therapeutic procedures in cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology. While histological studies provided fundamental insights into CCS localization, this information is incomplete and difficult to translate to aid in intraprocedural localization. To advance our understanding of CCS localization, we set out to establish a framework for quantifying nodal region morphology. Using this framework, we quantitatively analyzed the sinoatrial node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN) in ovine with menstrual age ranging from 4.4 to 58.3 months. In particular, we studied the SAN and AVN in relation to the epicardial and endocardial surfaces, respectively. Using anatomical landmarks, we excised the nodes and adjacent tissues, sectioned those at a thickness of 4 µm at 100 µm intervals, and applied Masson’s trichrome stain to the sections. These sections were then imaged, segmented to identify nodal tissue, and analyzed to quantify nodal depth and superficial tissue composition. The minimal SAN depth ranged between 20 and 926 µm. AVN minimal depth ranged between 59 and 1192 µm in the AVN extension region, 49 and 980 µm for the compact node, and 148 and 888 µm for the transition to His Bundle region. Using a logarithmic regression model, we found that minimal depth increased logarithmically with age for the AVN (R2=0.818, P=0.002). Also, the myocardial overlay of the AVN was heterogeneous within different regions and decreased with increasing age. Age associated alterations of SAN minimal depth were insignificant. Our study presents examples of characteristic tissue patterns superficial to the AVN and within the SAN. We suggest that the presented framework provides quantitative information for CCS localization. Our studies indicate that procedural methods and localization approaches in regions near the AVN should account for the age of patients in cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology.
- Subject:
- cardiology and physiology
- Creator:
- Frank Sachse, Brian K. Cottle, and Jordan Johnson
- Owner:
- Frank Sachse
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 11/13/2019
- Date Modified:
- 05/17/2023
- Date Created:
- 2018
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/doi:10.7278/S50D-546S-4RVW
-
- Description:
- : Forests play a major role in the global carbon cycle. Previous studies on the capacity of forests to sequester atmospheric CO2 have mostly focused on carbon uptake, but the roles of carbon turnover time and its spatiotemporal changes remain poorly understood. Here, we used long-term inventory data (1955-2018) from 695 mature forest plots to quantify temporal trends in living vegetation carbon turnover time across tropical, temperate, and cold climate zones, and compared plot data to eight Earth system models (ESMs). Long-term plots consistently showed decreases in living vegetation carbon turnover time, likely driven by increased tree mortality across all major climate zones. Changes in living vegetation carbon turnover time were negatively correlated with CO2 enrichment in both forest plot data and ESM simulations. However, plot-based correlations between living vegetation carbon turnover time and climate drivers such as precipitation and temperature diverged from those of ESM simulations. Our analyses suggest that forest carbon sinks are likely to be constrained by a decrease in living vegetation carbon turnover time, and accurate projections of forest carbon sink dynamics will require an improved representation of tree mortality processes and their sensitivity to climate in ESMs.
- Subject:
- Forestry
- Creator:
- Anderegg, William R.L., Schraub, Marcus, Yu, Kailiang, Gessler, Arthur, Penuelas, Josep, Cailleret, Maxine, Peng, Changhui, Condit, Richard, Ferretti, Marco, Hubbell, Stephen P., Smith, William K., Sardans, Jordi, Levanic, Tom, Zhu, Kai, and Trugman, Anna T.
- Owner:
- KAILIANG YU
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 10/24/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/doi:10.7278/S50D-D656-FSP2
-
- Creator:
- Bromley, Benjamin and Kenyon, Scott
- Owner:
- BENJAMIN BROMLEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/26/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Resource Type:
- Dataset and Software or Program Code
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-EFCY-ZC00
-
- Creator:
- Bromley, Benjamin C. and Kenyon, Scott J.
- Depositor:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Owner:
- BENJAMIN BROMLEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/11/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- 20180515-20181214
- Resource Type:
- Software or Program Code and Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/s50d-w273-1gg0
-
- Description:
- Future projections suggest an increase in drought globally with climate change. Current vegetation models typically regulate the plant photosynthetic response to soil moisture stress through an empirical function, rather than a mechanistic response where plant water potentials respond to changes in soil water. This representation of soil moisture stress may introduce significant uncertainty into projections for the terrestrial carbon cycle. We examined the use of the soil moisture limitation function in historical and future emissions scenarios in nine Earth system models. We found that soil moisture-limited productivity across models represented a large and uncertain component of the simulated carbon cycle, comparable to 3-286% of current global productivity. Approximately 40-80% of the intermodel variability was due to the functional form of the limitation equation alone. Our results highlight the importance of implementing mechanistic water limitation schemes in models and illuminate several avenues for improving projections of the land carbon sink.
- Creator:
- Medvigy, David, Trugman, Anna T., Mankin, Justin S., and Anderegg, William R.L.
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/11/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- Spring 2016
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5707ZMS
-
- Description:
- Micrometer-scale maps of authigenic microstructures in submarine basaltic tuff from a 1979 Surtsey volcano, Iceland, drill core acquired 15 years after eruptions terminated describe the initial alteration of oceanic basalt in a low temperature hydrothermal system. An integrative investigative approach uses synchrotron source X-ray microdiffraction (µXRD), microfluoresence (µXRF), micro-computed tomography (µCT), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) coupled with Raman spectroscopy to create finely resolved spatial frameworks that record a continuum of alteration in glass and olivine. Micro-analytical maps of vesicular and fractured lapilli in specimens from 157.1, 137.9, and 102.6 m depth, and borehole temperatures of 83, 93.9 and 141.3 °C measured in 1980, respectively, describe the production of nanocrystalline clay mineral, zeolites, and Al-tobermorite in diverse microenvironments. Irregular alteration fronts at 157.1 m depth resemble microchannels associated with biological activity in older basalts. By contrast, linear microstructures with little resemblance to previously described alteration features have nanocrystalline clay mineral (nontronite) and zeolite (amicite) texture. The crystallographic preferred orientation rotates around an axis parallel to the linear feature. Raman spectra indicating degraded and poorly-ordered carbonaceous matter of possible biological origin are associated with nanocrystalline clay mineral in a crystallographically-oriented linear microstructure in altered olivine at 102.6 m and with sub-circular nanoscale cavities in altered glass at 137.9 m depth. Although evidence for biotic processes is inconclusive, the integrated analyses describe the complex organization of previously unrecognized mineral texture in very young basalt. They provide a foundational mineralogical reference for longitudinal, time-lapse characterizations of palagonitized basalt in oceanic environments.
- Creator:
- Couper, Samantha, Parkinson, Dula, Miyagi, Lowell M. , Czabaj, Michael W., Stan, Camelia V. , Moore, James G. , Ivarsson, Magnus, Jackson, Marie D., and Tamura, Nobumichi
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Surtsey, South, Iceland
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/11/2019
- Date Modified:
- 03/01/2022
- Date Created:
- 2016-2019
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-VJND-8V00
-
- Description:
- -------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION -------------------------- 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: The data were generated by computer simulations using the C++ code "Orchestra", a proprietary hybrid code that follows the dynamical evolution of solids and gas orbiting a central object. Algorithms in the code are described in the following papers (author names abbreviated to B for Bromley, K for Kenyon, and L for Jane X Luu along with a year for publication date, AJ = Astronomical Journal, ApJ = Astrophysical Journal, S=Supplement): KL1998, AJ 115:2136; KL1999, AJ 118:1101; KB2001,AJ 121:538; KB2002,AJ 123:1757; KB2004, AJ 127:513; BK2006, AJ 131:2737; KB2006, AJ 131:1837; KB2008, ApJS 179:451; KB2010, ApJS 188:242; BK2011, ApJ 731:101; KB2012, AJ 143:63; KB2014, AJ 147:8. Initial conditions for these simulations described in the published paper. 2. Methods for processing the data: Various C and fortran programs are used to analyze the data for the calculations. Several C programs needed to extract information from the computer generated binary output files are included with the dataset. The C programs include basic summaries of the structure of the data files and the usage to extract data from each binary file. 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: Appropriate software is included in directory. 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: none 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: all calculations were run on the NASA discover cluster 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: Aside from tests summarized in the papers described in item 1, test calculations are summarized in the Appendix of each paper and compared to an appropriate benchmark. 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Scott Kenyon and Ben Bromley and --------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW --------------------- Files summarized in items 1-8 are binary output files from n-body simulations as described in Kenyon & Bromley, "A Pluto-Charon Sonata: Dynamical Limits on fate Masses of the Small Satellites" (2019, Astronomical Journal). Files described in item 9 are ascii txt. The C programs in items 10, 11, and 12 provide different ways to access the binary output. Each C program describes the architecture of the binary files. 1. pcs2-0mmm-nnn[a-z] files: heavy satellites, mmm = 100 x mass factor for all satellites, nnn = number of Symplectic steps per PC orbit, a-z = version 2. pcs2-1mmm-nnn[a-z] files: light satellites, mmm = 100 x mass factor for all satellites, nnn = number of Symplectic steps per PC orbit, a-z = version 3. pcs2-2mmm-nnn[a-z] files: light satellites with 2x nominal mass of Styx & Kerberos, mmm = 100 x mass factor for all satellites, nnn = number of Symplectic steps per PC orbit, a-z = version 4. pcs2-3mmm: heavy satellites, 40 Symplectic steps per PC orbit, mmm = 100 x mass factor for Nix only 5. pcs2-4mmm: heavy satellites, 40 Symplectic steps per PC orbit, mmm = 100 x mass factor for Kerberos only 6. pcs2-5mmm: heavy satellites, 40 Symplectic steps per PC orbit, mmm = 100 x mass factor for Hydra only 7. pcs2-6mmm light satellites, 40 Symplectic steps per PC orbit, mmm = 100 x mass factor for Nix only 8. pcs2-7mmm: light satellites, 40 Symplectic steps per PC orbit, mmm = 100 x mass factor for Hydra only 9. pcs2-n000.dat: summary of lifetimes for binary files in each archive 10. lifetime.c: summarizes lifetime and mass factor for binary file usage example: "lifetime pcs2-6110" 11. summary.c: generates basic summary of timesteps in a binary file usage example: "summary pcs1-0013d" 12. extrxyz.c: extracts (x,y,z) for N satellites and outputs (x,y,z) usage example: "extr6d pcs1-6110 6" will output (x,y,z) for SNKH 3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: There are other binary output files not included in this archive. 4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? no
- Subject:
- Astrophysics
- Creator:
- Bromley, Benjamin and Kenyon, Scott
- Depositor:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Owner:
- BENJAMIN BROMLEY
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/11/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/04/2022
- Date Created:
- 2018-2019
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-HAJT-E0G0
-
- Description:
- This project was a NSF-funded collaborative research project entitled: Collaborative Research: Deciphering Eolian Paleoenvironmental and Hydrodynamic records: Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone, Colorado Plateau, USA This was a multifaceted interdisciplinary study of the Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone (Ss)--a unique and distinctive unit in all of geologic history. This unit represents the largest known ancient desert (erg), and is typically classified as a record of a hyperarid environment. Furthermore, the Navajo Ss was deposited at a time when mammals were undergoing their first major diversification, and dinosaurs began to dominate the landscape in number and diversity. Our goal was to examine sedimentary features of the erg margin that recorded the active paleohydrology of the desert regime, and examine abundant trace- and body-fossil material to more fully document the structure and evolution of the biota in a variably arid landscape through Navajo Ss deposition. Field studies involved sedimentology and paleoecology. Laboratory studies involved isotope geochemistry of carbonate deposits, as well as thin section petrography.
- Creator:
- Chan, Marjorie A.
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Moab, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- May 2015-May 2017
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi:10.7278/S50D-D7DX-GJG0
-
- Description:
- The widely documented phenomenon of nighttime stomatal conductance (gsn) could lead to substantial water loss with no carbon gain, and thus it remains unclear whether nighttime stomatal conductance confers a functional advantage. Given that studies of gsn have focused on controlled environments or small numbers of species in natural environments, a broad phylogenetic and biogeographic context could provide insights into potential adaptive benefits of gsn. • We measured gsn on a diverse suite of species (n = 73) across various functional groups and climates-of-origin in a common garden to study the phylogenetic and biogeographic/climatic controls on gsn and further assessed the degree to which gsn co-varied with leaf functional traits and daytime gas exchange rates. • Closely related species were more similar in gsn than expected by chance. Herbaceous species had higher gsn than woody species. Species that typically grow in climates with lower mean annual precipitation – where the fitness cost of water loss should be the highest – generally had higher gsn. • Our results reveal the highest gsn rates in species from environments where neighboring plants compete most strongly for water, suggesting a possible role for the competitive advantage of gsn.
- Creator:
- Anderegg, William and Yu, Kailiang
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- 2018 May through August
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-E9J1-NYG0
-
- Description:
- The mechanisms governing tree drought mortality and recovery remain a subject of inquiry and active debate given their role in the terrestrial carbon cycle and their concomitant impact on climate change. Counter-intuitively, many trees do not die during the drought itself. Indeed, observations globally have documented that trees often grow for several years after drought before mortality. A combination of meta-analysis and tree physiological models demonstrate that optimal carbon allocation after drought explains observed patterns of delayed tree mortality and provides a predictive recovery framework. Specifically, post-drought, trees attempt to repair water transport tissue and achieve positive carbon balance through regrowing drought-damaged xylem. Further, the number of years of xylem regrowth required to recover function increases with tree size, explaining why drought mortality increases with size. These results indicate that tree resilience to drought-kill may increase in the future, provided that CO2 fertilization facilitates more rapid xylem regrowth.
- Keyword:
- drought, optimality theory, vegetation model, CO2 fertilization, hydraulic-carbon coupling, and carbon metabolism
- Subject:
- droughts and vegetation
- Creator:
- Medvigy, D., Anderegg, W. R. L., Detto, M., Bartlett, M. K., Pacala, S. W., Schwalm, C., Schahher, B., and Trugman, Anna T.
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/17/2024
- Date Created:
- Spring 2018
- License:
- CC BY NC - Allows others to use and share your data non-commercially and with attribution.
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5N29V4F
-
- Description:
- Background. Common cold viruses create significant health and financial burdens, and understanding key loci of transmission would help focus control strategies. This study (1) examines factors that influence when individuals transition from a negative to positive test (acquisition) or a positive to negative test (loss) of rhinovirus (HRV) and other respiratory tract viruses in 26 households followed weekly for one year, (2) investigates evidence for intrahousehold and interhousehold transmission and the characteristics of individuals implicated in transmission, and (3) builds data-based simulation models to identify factors that most strongly affect patterns of prevalence. Methods. We detected HRV, coronavirus, paramyxovirus, influenza and bocavirus with the FilmArray polymerase chain reaction (PCR) platform (BioFire Diagnostics, LLC). We used logistic regression to find covariates affecting acquisition or loss of HRV including demographic characteristics of individuals, their household, their current infection status, and prevalence within their household and across the population. We apply generalized linear mixed models to test robustness of results. Results. Acquisition of HRV was less probable in older individuals and those infected with a coronavirus, and higher with a higher proportion of other household members infected. Loss of HRV is reduced with a higher proportion of other household members infected. Within households, only children and symptomatic individuals show evidence for transmission, while between households only a higher number of infected older children (ages 5-19) increases the probability of acquisition. Coronaviruses, paramyxoviruses and bocavirus also show evidence of intrahousehold transmission. Simulations show that age-dependent susceptibility and transmission have the largest effects on mean HRV prevalence. Conclusions. Children are most likely to acquire and most likely to transmit HRV both within and between households, with infectiousness concentrated in symptomatic children. Simulations predict that the spread of HRV and other respiratory tract viruses can be reduced but not eliminated by practices within the home.
- Creator:
- Adler, Frederick R.
- Contributor:
- Ampofo, Krow, Pavia, Andrew, and Byington, Carrie L.
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- August 2009 - August 2010
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5XG9P97
-
- Description:
- This SAS program can be used to calculate Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016 (GPQI-2016) total and component scores from food purchase data (dollars and cents) that have been summarized into the 29 categories of the USDA Food Plans. The code can be adapted to calculate GPQI-2016 scores for data that use a smaller number of categories.
- Creator:
- Brewster, Philip J, Guenther, Patricia M, and Hurdle, John F
- Contributor:
- Tran, Lethuy and Chidambaram, Valli
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- University of Utah, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 12/09/2021
- Date Created:
- 2018
- Resource Type:
- Software or Program Code
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5HD7ST1
-
- Description:
- The data set includes individual images of mouse cochleae, both scanning electron micrographs and fluorescent micrographs, used to generate aggregated data described in Pecha PP, Almishaal AA, Mathur PD, et al. Role of Free Radical Formation in Murine Cytomegalovirus–Induced Hearing Loss. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 2020;162(5):709-717. doi:10.1177/0194599820901485 and Objectives The goal of the study was to determine whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediates cytomegalovirus (CMV)–induced labyrinthitis. Study Design Murine model of CMV infection. Subjects and Methods Nrf2 knockout mice were inoculated with murine CMV. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were then performed on these and uninfected controls. BALB/c mice were inoculated with murine CMV to determine whether a marker for ROS production, dihydroethidium (DHE), is expressed 7 days after inoculation. Finally, 2 antioxidants—D-methionine and ACE-Mg (vitamins A, C, and E with magnesium)—were administered 1 hour before and after infection in inoculated mice for 14 days. Temporal bones were harvested at postnatal day 10 for DHE detection. ABR and DPOAE testing was done at postnatal day 30. Scanning electron microscopy was also performed at postnatal day 30 to evaluate outer hair cell integrity. Results Nrf2-infected mice had worse hearing than uninfected mice (P < .001). A statistically significant increase in DHE fluorescence was detected in BALB/c-infected mice as compared with uninfected mice 7 days after inoculation. D-methionine- and ACE-Mg-treated mice demonstrated an attenuation of the DHE fluorescence and a significant improvement in ABR and DPOAE thresholds when compared with untreated infected controls (P < .0001). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated less outer hair cell loss in the treated versus untreated infected controls. Conclusion These results demonstrate for the first time that excessive ROS mediates CMV-induced hearing loss in a mouse model.
- Creator:
- Firpo, Matthew A.
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 01/28/2022
- Date Created:
- 04082015-11022016
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-D0WT-SV00
-
- Creator:
- Garrett, Tim
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 07/30/2019
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5CV4FWW
-
- Description:
- This dataset contains the electric field data sampled along ocean-continent boundaries during space weather hazards. A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique is used to study potential space weather hazards to electric power grids located at the proximity of the coast. The most of the data are in floating point representation, and the data files are in .txt format. The data can be visualized using software such as MATLAB and Python. The data can be used to plot electric and magnetic fields along the ocean-continent boundaries for different scenarios (different depths of an ocean, different conductivities of a lithosphere and different frequencies of ionospheric disturbance).
- Keyword:
- electric field
- Subject:
- space weather and electric field
- Creator:
- Pokhrel, Santosh
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/18/2024
- Date Created:
- 2016-08-01 to 2018-01-31
- License:
- CCO – As the data author, you are choosing to place your data into the public domain.
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5PC30H5
-
Data for: Restitution Characteristics of His Bundle and Working Myocardium in Isolated Rabbit Hearts
- Description:
- The Purkinje system (PS) and the His bundle have been recently implicated as an important driver of the rapid activation rate after 1-2 minutes of ventricular fibrillation (VF). It is unknown whether activations during VF propagate through the His-Purkinje system to other portions of the the working myocardium (WM). Little is known about restitution characteristic differences between the His bundle and working myocardium at short cycle lengths. In this study, rabbit hearts (n=9) were isolated, Langendorff- perfused, and electromechanically uncoupled with blebbistatin (10 μM). Pacing pulses were delivered directly to the His bundle. By using standard glass microelectrodes, action potentials duration (APD) from the His bundle and WM were obtained simultaneously over a wide range of stimulation cycle lengths (CL). The global F-test indicated that the two restitution curves of the His bundle and the WM are statistically significantly different (P<0.05). Also, the APD of the His bundle was significantly shorter than that of WM throughout the whole pacing course (P<0.001). The CL at which alternans developed in the His bundle vs. the WM were shorter for the His bundle (134.2±13.1ms vs. 148.3±13.3ms, P<0.01) and 2:1 block developed at a shorter CL in the His bundle than in WM (130.0±10.0 vs. 145.6±14.2ms, P<0.01). The His bundle APD was significantly shorter than that of WM under both slow and rapid pacing rates, which suggest that there may be an excitable gap during VF and that the His bundle may conduct wavefronts from one bundle branch to the other at short cycle lengths and during VF.
- Keyword:
- ventricular fibrillation, action potential duration, cardiology, working myocardium, rabbit, restitution curve, alternans, His bundle, and microelectrode
- Subject:
- ventricular fibrillation, cardiology, and myocardium
- Creator:
- Huang, Shangwei, Panitchob, Nuttanont, Hu, Nan, Ranjan, Ravi, Huang, Liqun, and Dosdall, Derek
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/18/2024
- Date Created:
- 2016-03-21 to 2016-05-25
- License:
- CCO – As the data author, you are choosing to place your data into the public domain.
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S50R9MJX
-
- Description:
- Supplementary material for a research paper submitted to the Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. An animated gif and a readme file.
- Keyword:
- weather, flow, animation, Meteor Craterkatabatic flow, hydraulic jump, potential temperature profile, IOP7, METCRAX, basin, and cold intrusions
- Subject:
- Windstorm dynamics and Meteorological modeling
- Creator:
- Lehner, M., Kalthoff, N, Haiden, T., Whiteman, C. David, Adler, B., and Hoch, S. W.
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Meteor Crater, Arizona, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/18/2024
- Date Created:
- 2017-10-10
- License:
- Public Domain – This data is free of copyright restrictions (e.g. government sponsored data).
- Resource Type:
- Image
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S54J0C86
-
- Description:
- While several studies have qualitatively investigated age- and region-dependent adhesion between the vitreous and retina, no studies have directly measured the vitreoretinal strength of adhesion. In this study, we developed a rotational peel device and associated methodology to measure the maximum and steady-state peel forces between the vitreous and the retina. Vitreoretinal adhesion in the equator and posterior pole were measured in human eyes from donors ranging 30 to 79 years of age, and in sheep eyes from premature, neonatal, young lamb, and young adult sheep. In human eyes, maximum peel force in the equator (7.24 ± 4.13 mN) was greater than in the posterior pole (4.08 ± 2.03 mN). This trend was especially evident for younger eyes from donors 30 to 39 years of age. After 60 years of age, there was a significant decrease in the maximum equatorial (4.69 ± 2.52 mN, p = 0.016) and posterior pole adhesion (2.95 ± 1.25 mN, p = 0.037). In immature sheep eyes, maximum adhesion was 7.60 ± 3.06 mN, and did not significantly differ between the equator and posterior pole until young adulthood. At this age, the maximum adhesion in the equator nearly doubled (16.67 ± 7.45 mN) that of the posterior pole, similar to the young adult human eyes. Light microscopy images suggest more disruption of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) in immature sheep eyes compared to adult sheep eyes. Interestingly, in human eyes, ILM disruption was significantly greater in the posterior pole (p < 0.05) and in people over 60 years of age (p < 0.02). These findings supplement the current discussion surrounding age-related posterior vitreous detachment, and the risk factors and physiological progressions associated with this condition. In addition, these data further our understanding of the biomechanical mechanisms of vitreoretinal adhesion, and can be used to develop age- appropriate computational models simulating retinal detachment, hemorrhaging, or retinal trauma. See Creveling CJ, Colter J, Coats B. 2018. Changes in vitreoretinal adhesion with age and region in human and sheep eyes. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00153.
- Keyword:
- ophthalmology, retina, vitreous, adhesion, ocular, human, eye, peel test, and sheep
- Subject:
- Quantitative measurement and Vitreoretinal Adhesion
- Creator:
- Coats, Brittany and Creveling, Christopher
- Contributor:
- Colter, Jourdan
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/18/2024
- Date Created:
- Completed 2017-06-01
- License:
- CC BY – Allows others to use and share your data, even commercially, with attribution.
- Resource Type:
- Image, Dataset, and Video
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5BK19H3
-
- Description:
- Weather-related research often requires synthesizing vast amounts of data that need archival solutions that are both economical and viable during and past the lifetime of the project. Public cloud computing services (e.g., from Amazon, Microsoft, or Google) or private clouds managed by research institutions are providing object data storage systems appropriate for long-term archives of such large geophysical data sets. , Current Status: Our research group no longer needs to maintain archives of High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model output at the University of Utah since complete publicly-accessible archives of HRRR model output are now available from the Google Cloud Platform and Amazon Web Services (AWS) as part of the NOAA Open Data Program. Google and AWS store the HRRR model output in GRIB2 format, a file type that efficiently stores hundreds of two-dimensional variable fields for a single valid time. Despite the highly compressible nature of GRIB2 files, they are often on the order of several hundred MB each, making high-volume input/output applications challenging due to the memory and compute resources needed to parse these files. With support from the Amazon Sustainability Data Initiative, our group is now creating and maintaining HRRR model output in an optimized format, Zarr, in a publicly-accessible S3 bucket- hrrrzarr. HRRR-Zarr contains sets for each model run of analysis and forecast files sectioned into 96 small chunks for every variable. The structure of the HRRR-Zarr files are designed to allow users the flexibility to access only the data they need through selecting subdomains and parameters of interest without the overhead that comes from accessing numerous GRIB2 files. , and History: This effort began in 2015 to illustrate the use of a private cloud object store developed by the Center for High Performance Computing (CHPC) at the University of Utah. We began archiving thousands of two-dimensional gridded fields (each one containing over 1.9 million values over the contiguous United States) from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) data assimilation and forecast modeling system. The archive has been used for retrospective analyses of meteorological conditions during high-impact weather events, assessing the accuracy of the HRRR forecasts, and providing initial and boundary conditions for research simulations. The archive has been accessible interactively and through automated download procedures for researchers at other institutions that can be tailored by the user to extract individual two-dimensional grids from within the highly compressed files. Over a thousand users have voluntarily registered to use the HRRR archive at the University of Utah. Our archive has grown to over 130 Tbytes of model output but we no longer need to continue that effort since the GRIB2 files are available now via Google and AWS. As mentioned above, we now provide much of the same information in an alternative format that is appropriate particularly for machine-learning applications.
- Keyword:
- data assimilation, Zarr, weather, forecasts, high resolution rapid refresh, and numerical weather prediction
- Subject:
- atmospheric science
- Creator:
- Horel, John and Blaylock, Brian
- Contributor:
- University of Utah Center for High Performance Computing, NOAA Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Amazon Open Data Program, and NOAA Environmental Modeling Center
- Depositor:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Owner:
- JOHN HOREL
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Alaska, Alaska, United States and United States, , United States
- Language:
- binary and English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/18/2024
- Date Created:
- 2015-04-18 to 2019-07-10
- License:
- CC BY – Allows others to use and share your data, even commercially, with attribution.
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://dx.doi.org/10.7278/S5JQ0Z5B
-
- Description:
- Background: To assess the demographic and attitudinal factors associated with HPV vaccine initiation and completion among 18–26 year old women in Utah. Method: Between January 2013 and December 2013, we surveyed 325 women from the University of Utah Community Clinics about their HPV vaccine related beliefs and behaviors. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated from logistic regression models to identify variables related to HPV vaccine initiation and series completion. Results: Of the 325 participants, 204 (62.8 %) had initiated the vaccine and 159 (48.9 %) had completed the 3-dose series. The variables associated with HPV vaccine initiation were lower age (OR = 1.18 per year); being unmarried (OR = 3.62); not practicing organized religion (OR = 2.40); knowing how HPV spreads (OR = 6.29); knowing the connection between HPV and cervical cancer (OR = 3.90); a belief in the importance of preventive vaccination (OR = 2.45 per scale unit); strength of doctor recommendation (OR = 1.86 per scale unit); and whether a doctor’s recommendation was influential (OR = 1.70 per scale unit). These variables were also significantly associated with HPV vaccine completion. Conclusion: The implications of these findings may help inform policies and interventions focused on increasing HPV vaccination rates among young women. For example, without this information, programs might focus on HPV awareness; however, the results of this study illustrate that awareness is already high (near saturation) in target populations and other factors, such as strong and consistent physician recommendations, are more pivotal in increasing likelihood of vaccination. Additionally, our findings indicate the need for discussions of risk assessment be tailored to the young adult population.
- Keyword:
- immunization, Gardasil, vaccination, human papillomavirus, HPV, completion, intention, and vaccine series
- Subject:
- Papillomavirus Vaccines and Patient Compliance
- Creator:
- Kepka, Deanna and Wilson, Andrew
- Contributor:
- University of Utah Primary Care Research Network, Huntsman Cancer Institute, and Huntsman Cancer Foundation
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Utah, Utah, United States and Utah, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/17/2024
- Date Created:
- 2013-01-01 to 2013-12-31
- License:
- CC BY NC - Allows others to use and share your data non-commercially and with attribution.
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S53B5X9S
-
- Description:
- National aggregation of patient care reports associated with 9-1-1 activations for emergency care. Go to www.nemesis.org for details.
- Keyword:
- national data, pre-hospital, paramedic, Emergency Medical Services, 9-1-1, Emergency Care, and 911
- Subject:
- Emergency Medical Care
- Creator:
- Office of EMS, U.S. Department of Transportation, and National Highway Safety Administration
- Contributor:
- NEMSIS Technical Assistance Center
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- United States, , United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/16/2024
- Date Created:
- 2015-01-01 to 2015-12-31
- License:
- Other – See README file for more information.
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5SX6BC3
-
- Description:
- Current treatments for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections require intravenously delivered vancomycin; however, systemically delivered vancomycin has its problems. To determine the feasibility and safety of locally delivering vancomycin hydrochloride (~25 mg/Kg) to the medullary canal of long bones, we conducted a pharmacokinetics study using a rat tibia model. We found that administering the vancomycin intraosseously resulted in very low concentrations of vancomycin in the blood plasma and the muscle surrounding the tibia, reducing the risk for systemic toxicity, which is often seen with traditional intravenous administration of vancomycin. Additionally, we were able to inhibit the development of osteomyelitis in the tibia if the treatment was administered locally at the same time as a bacterial inoculum (i.e., Log10 7.82 CFU/mL or 6.62x107 CFU/mL), when compared to an untreated group. These findings suggest that local intramedullary vancomycin delivery can achieve sufficiently high local concentrations to prevent development of osteomyelitis while minimizing systemic toxicity.
- Keyword:
- pharmacokinetics, tibia, infections, systematic toxicity, bone, antibiotics, rat, osteomyelitis, and vancomycin
- Subject:
- Infectious Diseases
- Creator:
- Loc-Carrillo, Catherine
- Contributor:
- Wu, Sijia, Fernandez, Sheena, Burr, Michael, Fredricksen, Hunter, Canden, Ahranee, Hoerger, Kelly, Churchill, John, Wang, Caroline, and Agarwal, Jay
- Owner:
- BRIAN MCBRIDE
- Based Near Label Tesim:
- Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Language:
- English
- Date Uploaded:
- 07/10/2019
- Date Modified:
- 04/16/2024
- Date Created:
- 2013-05-01 to 2015-01-30
- License:
- CC BY NC - Allows others to use and share your data non-commercially and with attribution.
- Resource Type:
- Dataset
- Identifier:
- https://doi.org/10.7278/S5W0942B